The principle of high-pressure common rail diesel engine refers to a fuel supply machine that completely separates the generation of injection pressure and the injection process from each other in a closed-loop system composed of high-pressure oil pump, pressure sensor and electronic control unit (ECU). . The common rail system separates fuel pressure generation and fuel injection, and the common rail system opens up a new way to reduce diesel engine emissions and noise.

It uses a high-pressure oil pump to deliver high-pressure fuel to the public fuel supply pipe (Rail), and realizes precise control through the oil pressure in the public fuel supply pipe, so that the pressure of the high-pressure fuel pipe (Pressure) has nothing to do with the engine speed, which can greatly reduce the diesel engine. The degree to which fuel supply pressure varies with engine speed.

Extended information:

In order to meet the emission standards, the advanced fuel injection system of diesel engine --- high pressure common rail technology has become the focus of attention of the industry. There are three major companies in the world that are developing and producing high-pressure common rail systems for diesel engines, Japan's Denso, Germany's Bosch and America's Ford.

The common rail system is one of the most inherited and sustainable fuel injection systems due to its unique advantages. The high-pressure common rail system realizes the separation of the pressure build-up and the injection process, so that the control process is more flexible, and the precise control of small oil volume can be realized more accurately, and multiple injections can be better realized.

There are three major companies in the world that are developing and producing high-pressure common rail systems for diesel engines, Japan's Denso, Germany's Bosch and America's Ford. The common rail system separates fuel pressure generation from fuel injection. If the unit pump diesel injection technology is compared to the revolution of diesel technology, the common rail can be called a rebellion because it deviates from the traditional diesel system and approximates in sequential gasoline injection systems. Common rail systems open up new ways to reduce diesel engine emissions and noise.

Due to its strong technical potential, various manufacturers have set their sights on the third generation of the common rail system - the piezoelectric (piezo) common rail system, the piezoelectric actuator replaces the solenoid valve, and thus obtains more accurate injection control. Without the oil return pipe, the structure is simpler. The pressure can be adjusted elastically from 200 to 2000 Pa. The minimum injection volume can be controlled at 0.5mm3, reducing smoke and NOX emissions.

The increasingly serious energy crisis has become the focus of attention of the internal combustion engine industry around the world, and it has also made diesel engines more and more popular with users. Compared with gasoline engines, diesel engines have many advantages: they can reduce CO2 exhaust emissions by 20% to 25%, and have better acceleration performance at low speeds. The average fuel consumption is 25% to 30% lower, and they can provide more driving pleasure. Therefore, someone boldly predicted the development trend of diesel engines in global automobile production, and divided the proportion of diesel engines in world automobile production by region. However, compared with gasoline engines, the emission control of diesel engines is another difficulty. In order to meet the emission standards, the advanced fuel injection system of diesel engine --- high pressure common rail technology has become the focus of attention of the industry. A few years ago, high-pressure common rail technology was dominated by foreign capital, and this situation was broken

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